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Dynamics and Photochemistry of N2+ Ion in the Polar Ionosphere
 Molecular Ions observed by satellites
In situ observation
DE1 satellite, Akebono satellite, etc.
Optical observation
MSX satellite
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Possibility of N2+ ground based observation.
Romick et al. [1999]
Using MSX satellite, they observed solar resonance fluorescence of N2+  ion above 450 km at the Northern polar cap.
A new method of ion upflow observation
Optical ground based observation of N2+ 1st negative bands resonant scattering.
We may monitor cusp structure.
We may understand structure of ion heating/acceleration region and mechanisms of molecular ion upflow.
Observation
Period:
25 Nov. 2000〜9 Dec. 2000
Location:
Longyearbyen Auroral station
Geographic coordinate 78゚,12′,086″N,15゚,49′,893″E
Invariant latitude 75゚18′N
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MAIS (Multicolor All-sky Imaging System)
Simultaneous observation of  2 wave lengths (6 channels)
427.8nm (N2+1st negative)
557.7nm (OI)
Exposure: 1min.
Estimation of altitude profile
Calculation
Pick up  geomagnetic meridian data.
Estimate the distance until the aurora using a peak of 557.7 emission.
Obtain altitude profile of N2+ emission.
Estimation of N2+ produced by EUV
From data obtained at day time, we can know relation between solar zenith angle and intensity at  the zenith.
To differentiate the data, intensities of N2+ emission at each altitude are estimated.
Summary
N2+ 1st negative bands emission at several hundred km altitudes in aurora region could be observed from ground.
We may be able to monitor ion dynamics in the topside ionosphere using  N2+ 1st negative bands emission.
   To observe N2+ emission in the cusp region
Improve method of analysis and instrument of observation.
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